School of Professional Skills lecture 2, Presentation skills
Enjoy Presenting
You cannot NOT communicate.
Even in silence you are communicating something, communication can be broken down into three areas – Body Language, Tone and Words. Each sentence can have as many meanings as however many words in the sentence multiplied by how many ways there are of emphasising each word. Take “I didn’t say he beat his wife” as an example, put emphasis on a different word each time you say the sentence. If you put the emphasis on the first word “I” then you are saying you are not the one who said that he beat his wife but someone else. Put the emphasis on “Didn’t” and you are offended by the notion that you would say such a thing implying that he doesn’t beat his wife etc.
All presentations are trying to convince someone of something or to do something. In my university presentations I am trying to convince my lecturers and fellow student that my project is interesting and I know what I am talking about but many other presentations are convincing people to buy something or give them money or hire them.
Effective Communication
Words = 7%
Tone = 38%
Body Language = 55%
(How accurate this theory is I don’t know, i have looked for the original research and i am unable to locate it BUT it is a theory that emphasises enthusiasm in presentations which is much more important than people think)
If a person is unenthusiastic when presenting a product then people will not want to buy it. Simple.
Eye contact is very important not for too long but not too short either you don’t want to seem like you’re staring but you don’t want to seem like you are afraid to meet their gaze.
Things do not always mean what you assume them to mean, a person who has their arms crossed in western culture would most likely be interpreted as a hostile or defensive gesture when it could just mean that person is cold.
When presenting stand upright looking at your audience with your hands by your side, if you don’t feel comfortable with your hands by your side use them. Point and gesture and use props.
Rapport – a connection of trust and understanding.
We like what is similar and dislike what is different. We did an experiment and the presenter told us to each choose a number; 1, 2 or 3 and then told us to shake hands with as many people as possible shaking their hand using the number we had in our head. I chose 2 and felt shunted everytime i shook hands with someone who had a one in their head and truly uncomfortable when i wanted to let go but because the person i was shaking hands with had a 3 in their head they were still holding on to my hand.
Where do you want to lead your audience? Pacing and leading; Start where your audience is (sometimes literally i.e. sitting down) and then lift them to where you are i.e. stand up and bring their spirits and interests with you.
Drink water while you’re presenting, you lose a pint of water an hour when you’re talking
Prepare and feel confident
When you start preparing do not start with a blank PowerPoint, ask yourself 3 key questions
1 – Who are my audience? – Research the audience, its easier to hit a target you can see.
2 – What do I want my audience to think, feel or do differently following my presentation? Your audience will be asking ‘what is in it for me?’ Show them.
Can use mind mapping software to do this step, also start collecting information in an envelope as soon as you find out you have a presentation then 2 weeks before the presentation start making it and you’ve already got lots of information
3 – What does my audience get from listening to me?
don’t forget the structure – Tell them what you are going to tell them. Tell them. Tell them that you have told them
Abraham Lincoln – ‘When I get ready to talk to people i spend 2/3rds of my time asking what does my audience want to hear?’ (common quote used in presentation speeches although can’t find source but if its true it says a lot about American politicians…)
Always answer in threes, easy to remember e.g. “The good, the bad and the ugly”
Engaging the audience
– Eye Contact
Change who you make eye contact with about every half a sentence
– Ask a question, get them thinking
Whenever you ask a question and you don’t expect an answer wait a few seconds anyway so they can answer in their head and feel engaged (2-3 seconds depending on the question)
The moments of impact when speaking/ presenting is not when you are speaking its when you’re not and the audience are thinking.
Story telling techniques
Don’t use “I” use “If you can imagine it, you’re…””You know what it’s like””Picture this”
e.g. “I was in a warm room, I was comfortable” becomes ” Imagine it, you’re in a hot room, you’re comfortable”
Don’t ‘tell a story’. Don’t call it a story and definitely don’t call it a “true story” it makes it seem like everything you’ve said up to that point is not true
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